Geographical analysis of parking land use in Genaveh applying AHP Model

  Geographical analysis of parking land use in Genaveh applying AHP Model     Gh. Hosseini Lagha, R. Mokhtary Malek Abadi, A. Gandomkar   Received: August 02, 2011/ Accepted: January 16, 2012, 25-28 P       Extended Abstract   1- Introduction   Each year Genaveh Port receives millions of tourists (2302154 people in Nowruz Holidays in 1390) from all over the country for its tourist attractions and trade and recreation centers. The presence of this huge populace has created several traffic problems, the main root of which can be found in the shortage or the incorrect positioning of the function of parking lots in this city. However, the issue gets into its peak in the time there is boom in tourism in holiday seasons. field data, a questionnaire with a sample size of 320 participants including 100 citizens and 220 tourists has been incorporated, This applied study uses a descriptive analytical research design.     In the analysis of the current situation, and for providing the and SPSS has been used for further analysis. After assessing the area and the number of required parking lots applying parking building methods, the influential standards in situating public parking lots has been weighted through the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in Arc GIS software zone, and then appropriate places for launching parking lots has been recognized by OWA (Ordered Weighted Average) fuzzy method. Results show that with regard to the need for 1863 parking lots in addition to the current lots in the studied area in one day, there exists no logical relations between the demanded parking lots and the existing parking lots in the city of Genaveh. Nevertheless, it should be admitted that the present parking lots in the city are appropriate considering the geographical standards but limitations exist with regard to the number of these lots. Hence, considering the characteristics of this city, the most logical option is the use of smart parking.   2- Theoretical Bases   - Traffic   Traffic is an international term it means transportation vehicles and passersby walk on roads and adding three humans, vehicle and road are formed (Rezaei, 1369, p. 7).   - Stop surface car   The average surface to stop any car is considered to be 14 square meters and the average number of passengers per car is two thus, there is a need for at least 7 meters of the city for the parking of each passenger. Since car is a personal device, there is a need for at least two parking spaces for a car: one in the living place and the other in working place or sites such as shopping centers and city centers (Shahi, 1376, p. 85).   - Analytic hierarchy process (AHP)   The analytic hierarchy process is a structured technique for organizing and analyzing complex decisions. In this process, decision makers find the answer that best suits their goal. It provides a comprehensive and rational framework for structuring a decision problem. Analytic hierarchy process is based on pairwise comparisons, which makes it easy to judge the accuracy of calculations (Hosseini et al., 1389, p. 73).   Geographical situation and population of Genaveh   Ganaveh County is a county in the northwest of Bushehr Province in Iran . The county's area is 9.69 square kilometers and Genaveh port is located in the Persian Gulf coast. According to the latest census in 2006, the county's population was 59,583 (30,169 males and 29,414 females).       3- Discussion   This applied study has a descriptive – analytical nature.   A questionnaire was completed by 320 participants including 100 residents and 220 tourists, and SPSS software was used for further analysis. After estimating the size and the number of required parking lots applying parking product method, the optimal locations for the construction of public parking lots in the city were identified using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) in Arc GIS software zone, and then appropriate places for launching parking lots was determined by OWA fuzzy method.     4- Conclusion   For locating parking lots the traditional method is used in most cities which is incapable of applying all effective parameters in location finding simultaneously and is time-consuming. These disadvantages make the constructed parking spaces useless. This made an increased interest in using the appropriate tools, which can simultaneously integrate a large number of spatial parameters, such as GIS. One of the most important stages in this process is to weight the parameters. Different weighting methods can lead to different results .   Using GIS in situating parking lots instead of traditional methods increases the process speed and enhances the efficiency of suitable constructed parking.   Weighting methods are less accurate than the AHP method due to lack of a strong theoretical basis.   In locating parking spaces, the walking distance to the parking place is very important and in different places of the studied area which need more parking spaces and have heavy traffics, some places for constructing parking places should be found.     5- Suggestions   According to statistics available, the parking area in Genvaeh is ​​56,990 square meters and the required area for parking is 85,997 m daily. Thus, the area needed for parking is 26,072 m in addition to the existing parking spaces and we need 1863 parking lots in the studied area (city center) for a day. The proposed public parking is provided in the following table.     Table - Public parking proposed in Genaveh   Capacity   Substructure Area   Area   Total Number of Floors   position   Parking type   number   160   5400   1000   5   St. Imam - Imam Khomeini St. Clinic   class   1   130   4300   800   5   Taleghani Street   class   2   580   17500   2500   5   Abuzar Street - opposite the market   class   3   110   3700   700   5   Mobilization Street - opposite the hotel.   class   4   200   6400   1200   5   Pasdaran Street - opposite the Yazdani grocery   class   5   360   11300   2200   5   Imam Square - opposite the Central Branch of Saderat Bank   class   6   380   11700   2300   5   Nakhodahamzeh crossroad - behind Ahmadian passage   class   7   1920   60300   10700   37   -   Total   Source: authors     References   Ahmadi, Sayedeh Zohreh & . Hosseini, Akram., (2007), examining the impact on parking and traffic management problems in Mashhad, Research and cultural institute of poyaye saadat, Mashhad.   Ahadnejad Reveshti, Mohsen (2007). Site selection study for fire extinguisher stations using network analysis and A.H.P. Model, Case study: city of Zanjan, Mapasia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.   Behbahani, Hamid., (1995), theory and application of traffic engineering, transportation and traffic organization of Tehran, Tehran.   Pour Ismail, Alireza (1995), locate and parking design class, MS Thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology.   Rezai, Mortezi., (1990), Culture of traffic, Senobar Publication, Tehran.   Zekroallhy, Mohammad., (2001), locate and pricing methodology cumulative Parking, MS Thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology.   Seyed Mousavi, Sayed jalal. (2007), geographical analysis of the general problems of public parking in the city of Isfahan. to help Taghvai, M. and Beik Mohammadi, Hassan, Department of Geography and Urban Planning, University of Isfahan.   Shahi, Jalil., (1997), Traffic Engineering, Tehran University Press.   Shia, Esmaeel,. Nourian, Farshad., Shams, Shahroz, (2009), locate public parking in the neighborhood of Khani-abad area of ​​Tehran , 12 region with using GIS and AHP, 8th Civil Engineering Congress, Tehran.   Talebi,Zhaleh and Daee nejad,Farhad., (1997), Design criteria for multi-storey car park, Building and Housing Research Center.   Ghajar, Nemat., Shahab, Himan., (2009), using algorithms locate municipal parking GIS, Spatial Information Systems National Conference, Tehran.   Ghazi Askari Naini, Arman., Vrshvsaz, Masood., (2004), provide a good way to locate public parking using GIS, MS Thesis, School of Earth Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University .   Karimi vahid, and, Ebadi, Hamid. and Ahmadi, Salman., (2007), Modeling locate locate parking facilities in urban areas using GIS with emphasis on class, Geomatics 86.   Ghanbari .Hakimeh(2007) Distribution and functionion of class public parking in transportat network with use og Gis . 9th congres of traffic and transportation ,Tehran, Iran   Motkan,Ali akbar, Shakiba Alireza and pour ali Sayed Hossein (2006), application of GIS in the class to locate a public parking OWA, City and Town Planning Conference, Tehran.   Mokhtari Malekabadi, Reza., (2009), analytical member of the planning of parking in the city using the application programming model for regional, urban and regional studies and research, the first year, the third number, Winter.   Essay, (2007), Guide to the marginal Urban Park Management, Office of Transportation and Development Deputy Secretary of Coordination Council of the city traffic.   Caroline J. Rodier a, Susan A. Shaheen, 2010, Transit-based smart parking: An evaluation of the San Francisco Bay area field test, Transportation Research Part C 18 (2010) 225–233.   Felix Caicedo, 2010, Real-time parking information management to reduce search time, vehicle displacement and emissions, Transportation Research Part D 15 (2010) 228–234.   Garber, N. J. and Hoel, L. A. (2008) "Traffic and highway engineering", PWS Publishing Company, Washington.   Kligman R, McDevitt, R, Withee,T, (2002), "Traffic engineering in Newton", http:www.wpi.edu/~mrmcd , ( accessed : 02/06/2003)   Salter, R. J. (2001) "Traffic engineering-worked examples", Mac Millan, London.   Weant , R, (1978), "Parking garage planning and operation", ENO Foundations or Transportation INC.   Zhang, Xiaoning, Hai-Jun, Huang and Zhang, H. M. "Integrated daily commuting patterns and optimal road tolls and parking fees in a linear city", Transportation Research, Part B: Methodological, Vol. 42, issue 1, 2008.